On May 6, 2025, Sudan announced the severance of diplomatic ties with the United Arab Emirates (UAE), accusing it of supporting the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan’s ongoing civil conflict. This decision underscores the escalating tensions between Khartoum and Abu Dhabi, which have been mounting since the onset of the war in April 2023.
Background of the Conflict
The conflict in Sudan erupted between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the RSF, leading to widespread violence and a humanitarian crisis. The RSF has been accused of committing atrocities, particularly in the Darfur region, leading Sudan to file a case against the UAE at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in March 2025. The case alleged that the UAE violated the Genocide Convention by arming the RSF. However, the ICJ dismissed the case in May 2025, stating it lacked jurisdiction over the matter.
Sudan’s Accusations and Actions
In response to the ICJ ruling, Sudan’s Security and Defence Council declared the UAE a “hostile state” and announced the severance of diplomatic ties. Defense Minister Yassin Ibrahim stated that the UAE had violated Sudanese sovereignty by allegedly backing the RSF, which is engaged in armed conflict with the national army. The UAE has denied supplying weapons to the RSF and has called the allegations politically motivated.
Prior to this, Sudan had already taken steps to distance itself from the UAE. In December 2023, Sudan expelled 15 Emirati diplomats amid rising tensions over perceived Emirati support for the RSF. Additionally, Sudan canceled a $6 billion port development deal with the UAE, citing concerns over sovereignty and the project’s potential to undermine local economies.
Humanitarian Impact and International Reactions
The conflict has had devastating effects on Sudan’s civilian population, with at least 24,000 deaths and around 13 million people displaced. Recent drone and missile strikes by the RSF on critical infrastructure in Port Sudan have further exacerbated the humanitarian crisis, disrupting airport operations and destroying fuel and power facilities. These attacks have endangered civilians and prompted the United Nations to suspend humanitarian flights.
International responses have varied. The UAE has denied the allegations and has called for dialogue to resolve the conflict. Meanwhile, Sudan has sought mediation from other nations, including Turkey, to address the dispute and the broader conflict.
Conclusion
Sudan’s decision to sever diplomatic ties with the UAE marks a significant shift in its foreign policy and reflects the deepening divisions within the country and the region. As the conflict continues, the international community faces challenges in addressing the complex dynamics and humanitarian needs arising from the crisis.